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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (29605720)
Authors Mologni L, Costanza M, Sharma GG, Viltadi M, Massimino L, Citterio S, Purgante S, Raman H, Pirola A, Zucchetti M, Piazza R, Gambacorti-Passerini C
Title Concomitant BCORL1 and BRAF Mutations in Vemurafenib-Resistant Melanoma Cells.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 20 5 2018 05 467-477 Neoplasia
URL
Abstract Text BRAF is the most frequently mutated gene in melanoma. Constitutive activation of mutant BRAFV600E leads to aberrant Ras-independent MAPK signaling and cell transformation. Inhibition of mutant BRAF is a current frontline therapy for such cases, with improved survival compared with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, reactivation of MAPK signaling by several mechanisms has been shown to cause drug resistance and disease recurrence. In this work, we describe the co-occurrence of an in-frame deletion within an amplified BRAFV600E locus and a missense point mutation of the transcriptional repressor BCORL1 in vemurafenib-resistant A375 melanoma cells. Functional data confirmed that truncated p47BRAFV600E and mutant BCORL1Q1076H both contribute to resistance. Interestingly, either endogenous BCORL1 silencing or ectopic BCORL1Q1076H expression mimicked the effects of a CRISPR/Cas9-edited BCORL1Q1076H locus, suggesting a complex mixture of loss- and gain-of-function effects caused by the mutation. Transcriptomic data confirmed this hypothesis. Finally, we show that the pan-RAF inhibitor sorafenib is not affected by expression of BRAF deletion variant and effectively synergizes with vemurafenib to block resistant cells, suggesting a possible intervention for this class of mutants.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References
BRAF V47_D380del BRAF V600E melanoma resistant Vemurafenib Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, expression of BRAF V47_D380del in a melanoma cell line harboring BRAF V600E conferred resistance to Zelboraf (vemurafenib) in culture (PMID: 29605720). 29605720