Reference Detail

Ref Type

Journal Article

PMID

(16507829)

Authors

Carlomagno F, Anaganti S, Guida T, Salvatore G, Troncone G, Wilhelm SM, Santoro M

Title

BAY 43-9006 inhibition of oncogenic RET mutants.

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
Journal of the National Cancer Institute	98	5	2006 Mar 01	326-34	J Natl Cancer Inst

URL

Abstract Text

Medullary and papillary thyroid carcinomas are often associated with oncogenic activation of the RET tyrosine kinase. We evaluated whether the biaryl urea BAY 43-9006, which is known to inhibit several other tyrosine kinases, blocks RET kinase function and oncogenic activity.We examined BAY 43-9006 activity against oncogenic RET in vitro and in cellular RET signaling in oncogenic RET-transfected NIH3T3 fibroblasts by using immunocomplex kinase assays and immunoblotting with phospho-specific antibodies. The effects of BAY 43-9006 on proliferation of human TPC1 and TT thyroid carcinoma cells, which harbor spontaneous oncogenic RET alleles, and on RAT1 fibroblasts transformed with oncogenic RET mutants, including mutants that are resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents, were determined using growth curves and flow cytometry. Growth of TT cell-derived xenograft tumors in athymic mice treated orally with BAY 43-9006 or with vehicle was measured. All statistical tests were two-sided.BAY 43-9006 inhibited oncogenic RET kinase activity at half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 50 nM or less in NIH3T3 cells. It also arrested the growth of NIH3T3 and RAT1 fibroblasts transformed by oncogenic RET and of thyroid carcinoma cells that harbor spontaneous oncogenic RET alleles. Moreover, BAY 43-9006 inhibited the growth of cells carrying RET V804L (IC50 = 110 nM, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 88 to 133 nM) or RET V804M (IC50 = 147 nM, 95% CI = 123 nM to 170 nM), both mutants that are resistant to anilinoquinazolines and pyrazolopyrimidines. After 3 weeks of oral treatment with BAY 43-9006 (60 mg/kg/day), the volume of TT cell xenografts (n = 7) was reduced from 72.5 to 44 mm3 (difference = 28.5 mm3, 95% CI = 7 mm3 to 50 mm3), whereas in vehicle-treated mice (n = 7), mean tumor volume increased to 408 mm3 (difference = 320 mm3, 95% CI = 180 mm3 to 460 mm3; untreated versus treated, P =.02). This inhibition paralleled a decrease in RET phosphorylation.BAY 43-9006 is a powerful inhibitor of the RET kinase. Its potential as a therapeutic tool for RET-positive thyroid tumors, including those expressing V804 mutations merits study.

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
RET C634W	medullary thyroid carcinoma	sensitive	Sorafenib	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Nexavar (sorafenib) inhibited RET phosphorylation and inhibited tumor growth in cell line xenograft models of medullary thyroid carcinoma harboring RET C634W (PMID: 16507829).	16507829
RET V804M	Advanced Solid Tumor	sensitive	Sorafenib	Preclinical	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Nexavar (sorafenib) inhibited RET phosphorylation and decreased growth of transformed cells expressing RET V804M in culture (PMID: 16507829).	16507829
RET C634R	Advanced Solid Tumor	sensitive	Sorafenib	Preclinical	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Nexavar (sorafenib) inhibited RET kinase activity and proliferation in transformed cells expressing RET C634R in culture (PMID: 16507829).	16507829