Reference Detail

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Abstract

PMID

Authors

Peter J. King; Kevin D. Fowler; Sarah E. Kolitz; Scott Barrett; Benjamin J. Zeskind; Brett M. Hall

Title

IMM-1-104: a novel, oral, selective dual-MEK inhibitor that displays broad antitumor activity and high tolerability across RAS and RAF mutant tumors in vivo

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics	20	12_Suppl	December 01 2021

URL

https://aacrjournals.org/mct/article/20/12_Supplement/P252/676004/Abstract-P252-IMM-1-104-a-novel-oral-selective

Abstract Text

Background: Inappropriate activation of the MAPK pathway, often stemming from mutations in RAS or RAF, represents one of the most common oncogenic events in human cancer. Therefore, MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK), which lie downstream of RAS and RAF but upstream of ERK, have represented an attractive drug target for over two decades. Unfortunately, first generation MEK inhibitors have been limited by pathway reactivation events and serious on-target drug toxicities that restrain clinical utility, especially in patients with RAS mutant tumors. We sought to develop a new approach to MEK inhibition that would be more effective in RAS mutant tumors and with improved tolerability. IMM-1-104 is a novel dual-MEK inhibitor that is designed to disrupt phosphorylation of MEK and subsequently prevent activation of ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK). IMM-1-104’s dual-MEK mechanism resists RAF activation of MEK, and its short drug half-life allows for chronic dosing while maintaining a near-zero drug trough for improved tolerability. Materials & Methods: IMM-1-104 was profiled across a series of preclinical experiments to assess its physicochemical and drug-like properties. Cell-free and cell-based in vitro as well as in vivo characteristics were evaluated, including four independent in vivo pharmacology rodent studies in lung, colon and skin tumor models. Results: IMM-1-104 is a highly selective, orally bioavailable, non-ATP competitive, allosteric dual-MEK inhibitor. At drug exposures up to 1 micromolar (uM) in cell-free and in situ kinome screens, thermodynamic interactions and altered activity levels were observed for MEK1 and MEK2. At higher drug exposures up to 10 uM, IMM-1-104 also thermodynamically interacted with RAF1 (CRAF) and prompted reduction of KSR1 and KSR2 activation markers. IMM-1-104 displayed dual-MEK activity (i.e., RAS mutant tumor cell reductions in both ERK and MEK phosphorylation) across multiple human tumor cell-based models including A549 (KRAS-G12S) lung, A375 (BRAF-V600E) and SK-MEL-2 (NRAS-Q61R) melanoma. Pharmacokinetic studies in rodent models revealed a drug plasma half-life for IMM-1-104 of approximately 1.3 hours. In vivo tumor pharmacology studies in A549 and A375 achieved tumor stasis (i.e., 85% to 95% Tumor Growth Inhibition) with regressions observed in Colon-26 and SK-MEL-2. Conclusions: The dual-MEK mechanism and short half-life of IMM-1-104 has proven to be broadly active and well-tolerated in multiple RAS and RAF mutant preclinical tumor models in rodents. IMM-1-104 drives deep, cyclic inhibition of the MAPK pathway (improving tolerability) while resisting pathway bypass mechanisms (improving activity). Our collective data suggest that RAS and RAF mutant tumor cells are not able to tolerate periods of deep but cyclic MAPK pathway inhibition. Overall, these results are consistent with on and off signaling events that can significantly impact cell fate decisions (i.e. signaling dynamics).

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials
IMM-1-104	IMM-1-104	2	1

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description
IMM-1-104		IMM 1-104\|IMM1-104	MEK inhibitor (Pan) 26 MEK1 Inhibitor 26 MEK2 Inhibitor 24	IMM-1-104 inhibits MEK1 and MEK2, resulting in decreased downstream ERK1/2 activation and potentially leading to inhibition of tumor growth (Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P252).

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
NRAS Q61R	melanoma	predicted - sensitive	IMM-1-104	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, IMM-1-104 treatment led to tumor growth regression in a cell line xenograft model of melanoma harboring NRAS Q61R (Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P252).	detail...
BRAF V600E	melanoma	predicted - sensitive	IMM-1-104	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, IMM-1-104 treatment led to tumor growth inhibition in a cell line xenograft model of melanoma harboring BRAF V600E (Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P252).	detail...