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| Ref Type | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
| PMID | (36806896) | ||||||||||||
| Authors | Kang J, Deng QM, Feng W, Chen ZH, Su JW, Chen HJ, Wang WX, Zhang S, Wang Q, Chen Z, Zhong WZ, Xu CW, Yang JJ | ||||||||||||
| Title | Response and acquired resistance to MET inhibitors in de novo MET fusion-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. | ||||||||||||
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| Abstract Text | De novo mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) gene fusions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are a promising target for MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We aimed to examine the response to targeted therapy with MET TKIs and resistance mechanisms in de novo MET fusion-positive NSCLC as these have not been comprehensively explored.We examined the MET fusions in 4,429 patients with advanced-stage NSCLC using targeted next-generation sequencing and validated the results using RT-PCR. We analyzed cellular models harboring MET fusions and established a patient-derived organoid (PDO) model.We identified 13 (0.29 %, 13/4429) patients with de novo MET fusions and found EPHB4, THAP5, TNPO3, and DST as novel MET fusion partners. The most common concomitant gene with MET fusions was TP53 mutations. Among 12 patients receiving MET TKI treatment, two achieved stable disease, six achieved partial response, and four underwent progressive disease. An in vitro study showed that EPHB4-MET is a functional driver gene. MET inhibitors significantly inhibited the proliferation and phosphorylation of downstream STAT3, AKT, and ERK1/2 in EPHB4-MET overexpressing cells. Acquired MET D1228H/N or D1246N mutations were found in patients harboring MET fusions after acquiring resistance to MET TKIs. Tivantinib showed optimal suppression efficacy in a PDO model with an acquired MET D1228N mutation.MET fusions occur in a rare subset of patients with NSCLC and represent a promising therapeutic target. MET secondary mutations D1228H/N or D1246N present the potential resistance mechanisms of MET inhibitors in patients with de novo MET fusions. | ||||||||||||
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| Gene | Variant | Impact | Protein Effect | Variant Description | Associated with drug Resistance |
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| Molecular Profile | Indication/Tumor Type | Response Type | Therapy Name | Approval Status | Evidence Type | Efficacy Evidence | References |
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| EML4 - ALK ALK L1196M ALK G1202R | lung non-small cell carcinoma | resistant | Brigatinib | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a clinical case study, ALK L1196M and ALK G1202R were identified in the post-progression circulating tumor DNA of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer harboring EML4-ALK who progressed on treatment with Alunbrig (brigatinib), and in a preclinical study, cells expressing EML4-ALK, ALK L1196M, and ALK G1202R were resistant to Alunbrig (brigatinib) in culture (PMID: 38448512, PMID: 36806896). | 36806896 38448512 |