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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (37040395)
Authors Napolitano S, Woods M, Lee HM, De Falco V, Martini G, Della Corte CM, Martinelli E, Famiglietti V, Ciardiello D, Anderson A, Fowlkes NW, Villareal OE, Sorokin A, Kanikarla P, Coker O, Morris V, Altucci L, Tabernero J, Troiani T, Ciardiello F, Kopetz S
Title Antitumor Efficacy of Dual Blockade with Encorafenib + Cetuximab in Combination with Chemotherapy in Human BRAFV600E-Mutant Colorectal Cancer.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 29 12 2023 Jun 13 2299-2309 Clin Cancer Res
URL
Abstract Text Encorafenib + cetuximab (E+C) is an effective therapeutic option in chemorefractory BRAFV600E metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is a need to improve the efficacy of this molecular-targeted therapy and evaluate regimens suitable for untreated BRAFV600E in patients with mCRC.We performed a series of in vivo studies using BRAFV600E mCRC tumor xenografts. Mice were randomized to receive 5-fluoruracil (5-FU), irinotecan, or oxaliplatin regimens (FOLFIRI or FOLFOX), (E+C) or the combination. Patients received long-term treatment until disease progression, with deescalation strategies used to mimic maintenance therapy. Transcriptomic changes after progression on cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy were assessed.Antitumor activity of either FOLFIRI or E+C was better as first-line treatment as compared with second-line, with partial cross-resistance seen between a cytotoxic regimen and targeted therapy with an average 62% loss of efficacy for FOLFIRI after E+C and a 45% loss of efficacy of E+C after FOLFIRI (P < 0.001 for both). FOLFIRI-treated models had upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and MAPK pathway activation, where E+C treated models had suppressed MAPK signaling. In contrast, with chemotherapy with E+C, EMT and MAPK signaling remained suppressed. FOLFOX or FOLFIRI, each in combination with E+C, were the most active first-line treatments as compared with E+C or to chemotherapy alone. Furthermore, FOLFOX in combination with E+C as first-line induction therapy, followed by E+C ± 5-FU as maintenance therapy, was the most effective strategy for long-term disease control.These results support the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy as a promising therapeutic approach in the first-line treatment of BRAFV600E mCRC.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References
BRAF V600E colorectal cancer sensitive Cetuximab + Encorafenib + Fluorouracil + Leucovorin + Oxaliplatin Preclinical - Cell line xenograft Actionable In a preclinical study, treatment with the combination of Erbitux (cetuximab), Braftovi (encorafenib), and FOLFOX resulted in increased tumor growth inhibition and survival compared to Erbitux (cetuximab) plus Braftovi (encorafenib) or FOLFOX alone in colorectal cancer cell line xenograft models harboring BRAF V600E (PMID: 37040395). 37040395
BRAF V600E colorectal cancer sensitive Cetuximab + Encorafenib + Fluorouracil + Irinotecan + Leucovorin Preclinical - Pdx Actionable In a preclinical study, treatment with the combination of Erbitux (cetuximab), Braftovi (encorafenib), and FOLFIRI resulted in increased tumor growth inhibition and tumor regression compared to Erbitux (cetuximab) plus Braftovi (encorafenib) or FOLFIRI alone in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of colorectal cancer harboring BRAF V600E and increased survival and tumor growth inhibition in cell line xenograft models (PMID: 37040395). 37040395