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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (37992684)
Authors Popescu B, Stahlhut C, Tarver TC, Wishner S, Lee BJ, Peretz CAC, Luck C, Phojanakong P, Camara Serrano JA, Hongo H, Rivera JM, Xirenayi S, Chukinas JA, Steri V, Tasian SK, Stieglitz E, Smith CC
Title Allosteric SHP2 inhibition increases apoptotic dependency on BCL2 and synergizes with venetoclax in FLT3- and KIT-mutant AML.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Cell reports. Medicine 4 11 2023 Nov 21 101290 Cell Rep Med
URL
Abstract Text Mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FLT3 and KIT are frequent and associated with poor outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although selective FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) are clinically effective, remissions are short-lived due to secondary resistance characterized by acquired mutations constitutively activating the RAS/MAPK pathway. Hereby, we report the pre-clinical efficacy of co-targeting SHP2, a critical node in MAPK signaling, and BCL2 in RTK-driven AML. The allosteric SHP2 inhibitor RMC-4550 suppresses proliferation of AML cell lines with FLT3 and KIT mutations, including cell lines with acquired resistance to FLT3i. We demonstrate that pharmacologic SHP2 inhibition unveils an Achilles' heel of RTK-driven AML, increasing apoptotic dependency on BCL2 via MAPK-dependent mechanisms, including upregulation of BMF and downregulation of MCL1. Consequently, RMC-4550 and venetoclax are synergistically lethal in AML cell lines and in clinically relevant xenograft models. Our results provide mechanistic rationale and pre-clinical evidence for co-targeting SHP2 and BCL2 in RTK-driven AML.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References
FLT3 exon 14 ins acute myeloid leukemia sensitive Trametinib + Venetoclax Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of Venclexta (venetoclax) and Mekinist (trametinib) synergistically inhibited proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring FLT3 ITD in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
KIT N822K acute myeloid leukemia sensitive Trametinib + Venetoclax Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of Venclexta (venetoclax) and Mekinist (trametinib) synergistically inhibited proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring KIT N822K in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 D835Y acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 D835Y in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins NRAS G12C acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and NRAS G12C in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins NRAS Q61K acute myeloid leukemia resistant RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing NRAS Q61K was resistant to RMC-4550 treatment in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins NRAS Q61K acute myeloid leukemia resistant Gilteritinib + RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and NRAS Q61K was resistant to the combination of RMC-4550 and Xospata (gilteritinib) in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 Y842C acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 Y842C in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 N841K acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 N841K in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring FLT3 ITD in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
NRAS Q61L acute myeloid leukemia resistant RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring NRAS Q61L were resistant to RMC-4550 treatment in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 D835V acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 D835V in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
NRAS G12D acute myeloid leukemia resistant RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring NRAS G12D was resistant to RMC-4550 treatment in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 F691L acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 F691L in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins FLT3 D835H acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, RMC-4550 inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and expressing FLT3 D835H in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
KIT N822K acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 + Venetoclax Preclinical - Cell line xenograft Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of RMC-4550 and Venclexta (venetoclax) synergistically inhibited viability and induced apoptosis in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring KIT N822K in culture, and reduced tumor burden and improved survival in a cell line xenograft model (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins NRAS G12C acute myeloid leukemia sensitive Gilteritinib + RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of RMC-4550 and Xospata (gilteritinib) inhibited viability in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and NRAS G12C in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
KIT N822K acute myeloid leukemia decreased response RMC-4550 Preclinical - Cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring KIT N822K demonstrated decreased sensitivity to RMC-4550 treatment compared to cell lines harboring FLT3 ITD in culture (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins NRAS G12C acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 + Venetoclax Preclinical - Cell line xenograft Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of RMC-4550 and Venclexta (venetoclax) synergistically inhibited viability and induced apoptosis in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line harboring FLT3 ITD and NRAS G12C in culture, and reduced tumor burden and improved survival in a cell line xenograft model (PMID: 37992684). 37992684
FLT3 exon 14 ins acute myeloid leukemia sensitive RMC-4550 + Venetoclax Preclinical - Pdx & cell culture Actionable In a preclinical study, the combination of RMC-4550 and Venclexta (venetoclax) synergistically inhibited viability and induced apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines harboring FLT3 ITD in culture, reduced tumor burden and improved survival in a cell line xenograft model, and reduced leukemia burden in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model (PMID: 37992684). 37992684