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| Profile Name | TSC1 Q516* |
| Gene Variant Detail | |
| Relevant Treatment Approaches | mTOR Inhibitor mTORC1 Inhibitor |
| Molecular Profile | Indication/Tumor Type | Response Type | Therapy Name | Approval Status | Evidence Type | Efficacy Evidence | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSC1 mutant | bladder carcinoma | sensitive | Everolimus | Phase II | Actionable | A retrospective study of a Phase II trial correlated increased sensitivity to the mTOR inhibitor Afinitor (everolimus) with TSC1 mutations in bladder cancer patients (PMID: 22923433). | 22923433 |
| TSC1 inact mut | renal cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Everolimus | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a retrospective analysis, 28% (12/43) of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who responded to rapalogs, Afinitor (everolimus) or Torisel (temsirolimus), harbored inactivating TSC1, TSC2 mutations and/or activating MTOR mutations, compared to 11% (4/36) in patients who did not respond to therapy (PMID: 26831717). | 26831717 |
| TSC1 inact mut | renal cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Temsirolimus | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a retrospective analysis, 28% (12/43) of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who responded to rapalogs, Afinitor (everolimus) or Torisel (temsirolimus), harbored inactivating TSC1, TSC2 mutations and/or activating MTOR mutations, compared to 11% (4/36) in patients who did not respond to therapy (PMID: 26831717). | 26831717 |
| TSC1 mutant | renal cell carcinoma | conflicting | Everolimus | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a retrospective analysis, TSC1, TSC2, or MTOR mutation status was not associated with progression-free survival in renal cell carcinoma patients treated with Afinitor (everolimus) (PMID: 30327302). | 30327302 |
| TSC1 mutant | hepatocellular carcinoma | decreased response | Sorafenib | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a clinical case study, Nexavar (sorafenib) treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma harboring Mtor pathway mutations in PIK3CA, PTEN, TSC2, or TSC1 (n=12), resulted in a lower disease control rate (8.3% vs. 40.2%), shorter progression-free survival (1.9 months vs. 5.3 months) and shorter overall survival (10.4 months vs. 17.9 months) compared to patients without mutations in this pathway (n=67) (PMID: 30373752; NCT01775072). | 30373752 |
| TSC1 mutant | subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | predicted - sensitive | Everolimus | Phase III | Actionable | In a Phase III trial (EXIST-1), Afinitor (everolimus) treatment resulted in a 50% or more tumor reduction in 35% (27/78) of adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex and had subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, compared to 0% (0/39) in the placebo group, 85% (99/117) of the patients harbored mutations in TSC1 and/or TSC2 (PMID: 23158522; NCT00789828). | 23158522 |
| TSC1 inact mut | perivascular epithelioid cell tumor | predicted - sensitive | Nab-rapamycin | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (AMPECT), Fyarro (nab-rapamycin) treatment in patients with perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) resulted in partial response in 20% (1/5) of patients with TSC1 mutations, 89% (8/9) of patients with TSC2 mutations, and 9% (1/11) of patients without a TSC1 or TSC2 mutation (PMID: 34637337; NCT02494570). | 34637337 |
| TSC1 mutant | renal cell carcinoma | conflicting | Everolimus | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a clinical study, treatment with Afinitor (everolimus) or Torisel (temsirolimus) resulted in more partial responses (odds ratio = 0.08, p=0.030) in patients with renal cell carcinoma harboring mTOR pathway mutations, including MTOR (n=8), TSC1 (n=1), and TSC2 (n=2), than those without mutations (n=76) (PMID: 31335987). | 31335987 |
| TSC1 mutant | renal cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Temsirolimus | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a clinical study, treatment with Afinitor (everolimus) or Torisel (temsirolimus) resulted in more partial responses (odds ratio = 0.08, p=0.030) in patients with renal cell carcinoma harboring mTOR pathway mutations, including MTOR (n=8), TSC1 (n=1), and TSC2 (n=2), than those without mutations (n=76) (PMID: 31335987). | 31335987 |
| TSC1 mutant | lung non-small cell carcinoma | no benefit | Vistusertib | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (NLMT), Vistusertib (AZD2014) treatment did not result in a confirmed response (0/5) or durable clinical benefit (0/5) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring TSC1 or TSC2 mutations, thus the cohort was closed due to futility (PMID: 32669708, NCT02664935). | 32669708 |
| TSC1 inact mut | islet cell tumor | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Germline inactivating mutations in TSC1 result in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which is associated with increased risk of developing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NCCN.org). | detail... |
| TSC1 inact mut | clear cell renal cell carcinoma | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Germline inactivating mutations in TSC1 result in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which is associated with increased risk of developing clear cell renal cell carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... |
| TSC1 inact mut | Advanced Solid Tumor | predicted - sensitive | Nab-rapamycin | Clinical Study | Actionable | In a clinical study, Fyarro (nab-rapamycin) treatment in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 led to a partial response in 4 patients, stable disease in 2 patients, and progressive disease in 1 patient of 7 enrolled patients (J Clin Oncol 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021) 3111-3111; NCT03817515). | detail... |
| TSC1 inact mut | transitional cell carcinoma | no benefit | Sapanisertib | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial, treatment with Sapanisertib (MLN0128) in metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients with either a TSC1 or TSC2 activating mutation (n=13) did not result in an objective response and led to a median overall survival of 3.4 months, and the trial was terminated early due to limited clinical activity and poor drug tolerability (Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2021) 431-431; NCT03047213). | detail... |
| TSC1 inact mut | Advanced Solid Tumor | no benefit | Everolimus | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial, Afinitor (everolimus) treatment resulted in limited activity with an objective response rate of 7% (2/30, 2 partial responses), stable disease in an additional 40% (12/30), a clinical benefit rate of 13% (4/30), a median progression-free survival of 2.3 months, and a median overall survival of 7.3 months in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring inactivating TSC1 or TSC2 mutations or activating MTOR mutations (PMID: 33727259; NCT02201212). | 33727259 |
| TSC1 inact mut | castration-resistant prostate carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | CC-115 + Enzalutamide | Phase I | Actionable | In a Phase Ib trial, Xtandi (enzalutamide) plus CC-115 was safe and led to a PSA reduction >= 50% (PSA50) in 80% (32/40) and >=90% (PSA90) in 58% (23/40) of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients at 12 weeks, and patients with PIK3CA activating mutations or PTEN or TSC1/2 loss of function (n=16) achieved a PSA50, PSA90, and median radiographic progression-free survival of 94%, 63%, and 19.6 mo vs 67%, 47%, and 22.1 mo in PI3K pathway wild-type patients (n=15) (PMID: 37980367; NCT02833883). | 37980367 |