Reference Detail

Ref Type

Journal Article

PMID

(29657135)

Authors

Subbiah V, Gainor JF, Rahal R, Brubaker JD, Kim JL, Maynard M, Hu W, Cao Q, Sheets MP, Wilson D, Wilson KJ, DiPietro L, Fleming P, Palmer M, Hu MI, Wirth L, Brose MS, Ou SI, Taylor M, Garralda E, Miller S, Wolf B, Lengauer C, Guzi T, Evans EK

Title

Precision Targeted Therapy with BLU-667 for RET-Driven Cancers.

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
Cancer discovery	8	7	2018 Jul	836-849	Cancer Discov

URL

Abstract Text

The receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET) is an oncogenic driver activated in multiple cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), and papillary thyroid cancer. No approved therapies have been designed to target RET; treatment has been limited to multikinase inhibitors (MKI), which can have significant off-target toxicities and limited efficacy. BLU-667 is a highly potent and selective RET inhibitor designed to overcome these limitations. In vitro, BLU-667 demonstrated ≥10-fold increased potency over approved MKIs against oncogenic RET variants and resistance mutants. In vivo, BLU-667 potently inhibited growth of NSCLC and thyroid cancer xenografts driven by various RET mutations and fusions without inhibiting VEGFR2. In first-in-human testing, BLU-667 significantly inhibited RET signaling and induced durable clinical responses in patients with RET-altered NSCLC and MTC without notable off-target toxicity, providing clinical validation for selective RET targeting.Significance: Patients with RET-driven cancers derive limited benefit from available MKIs. BLU-667 is a potent and selective RET inhibitor that induces tumor regression in cancer models with RET mutations and fusions. BLU-667 attenuated RET signaling and produced durable clinical responses in patients with RET-altered tumors, clinically validating selective RET targeting. Cancer Discov; 8(7); 836-49. ©2018 AACR.See related commentary by Iams and Lovly, p. 797This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 781.

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials
Pralsetinib	Pralsetinib	52	5

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description
Pralsetinib	Gavreto	BLU667\|BLU-667	RET Inhibitor 53	Gavreto (pralsetinib) is a small molecule inhibitor that selectively targets activated Ret, which may result in antitumor activity including inhibition of tumor growth and tumor regression (PMID: 29657135). Gavreto (pralsetinib) is FDA approved for use in patients with metastatic RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer, in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with advanced or metastatic RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer, and in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer who are radioactive iodine-refractory (FDA.gov).

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance
RET	D631_R635delinsG	indel	unknown	RET D631_R635delinsG results in a deletion of five amino acids in the extracellular domain of the Ret protein from amino acids 631 to 635, combined with the insertion of one glycine (G) at the same site (UniProt.org). D631_R635delinsG has been identified in the scientific literature (PMID: 29657135), but has not been biochemically characterized and therefore, its effect on Ret protein function is unknown (PubMed, Jun 2024).
RET	L629P	missense	unknown	RET L629P lies within the extracellular domain of the Ret protein (UniProt.org). L629P has been identified in the scientific literature (PMID: 29657135), but has not been biochemically characterized and therefore, its effect on Ret protein function is unknown (PubMed, Feb 2024).
RET	V637R	missense	unknown	RET V637R lies within the transmembrane domain of the Ret protein (UniProt.org). V637R has been identified in the scientific literature (PMID: 29657135), but has not been biochemically characterized and therefore, its effect on Ret protein function is unknown (PubMed, Feb 2024).
RET	V804E	missense	unknown	RET V804E lies within the protein kinase domain of the Ret protein (UniProt.org). V804E has been demonstrated to confer drug resistance in the context of a RET fusion in culture (PMID: 29657135), but has not been biochemically characterized and therefore, its effect on Ret protein function is unknown (PubMed, Aug 2024).	Y

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
RET L629P RET D631_R635delinsG RET V637R	medullary thyroid carcinoma	predicted - sensitive	Pralsetinib	Case Reports/Case Series	Actionable	In a Phase I trial, a patient with medullary thryoid cancer harboring RET D631_R635delinsG, L629P, and V637R demonstrated a partial response, with maximal tumor reduction of 47% at 10 months, following treatment with Gavreto (pralsetinib) (PMID: 29657135; NCT03037385).	29657135
RET M918T	medullary thyroid carcinoma	sensitive	Pralsetinib	Case Reports/Case Series	Actionable	In a Phase I trial, a patient with sporadic medullary thryoid cancer harboring RET M918T demonstrated a partial response, with maximal tumor reduction of 47% following treatment with Gavreto (pralsetinib) (PMID: 29657135; NCT03037385).	29657135
RET C634W	medullary thyroid carcinoma	sensitive	Pralsetinib	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Gavreto (pralsetinib) inhibited Ret signaling and proliferation of a medullary thyroid cancer cell line harboring RET C634W in culture, and inhibited tumor growth in xenograft models (PMID: 29657135).	detail... 29657135